Innovación en agricultura de precisión: panorama de patentes

The aim of this study was to characterize, through patentometrics, the technological dynamics associated with precision agriculture based on international filings, identifying temporal trends, protection jurisdictions, leading applicants, and dominant technical areas. An observational cross-sectional study (2025) was conducted following WIPO guidelines for patent landscape reports. Espacenet was queried using a deliberately broad strategy combining IPC/CPC codes with title or abstract text filters, restricted to PCT applications and the 2005–2025 window. Data cleaning reduced 39 996 initial records to 1 497 PCT documents and to 1 367 documents published after 2005, suggesting that much prior art follows national routes and that the PCT subset concentrates inventions with global market ambition. The time series showed acceleration from 2013, and an inflection point in 2017; trend growth was supported by a 7.29% CAGR (2014–2024), although forecasting models were sensitive to the most recent years due to publication lag. The protection is concentrated in the United States, China, and the European route, with fragmented leadership and the coexistence of universities and firms and with a technological core focused on farm management and decision support, remote sensing and AI, and in-field execution. It is concluded that the field remains in expansion and offers differentiation opportunities through integration, interoperability, and operational validation.

https://doi.org/10.61854/rccedia.v1n1.004

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