Sostenibilidad y agricultura inteligente en los sistemas agrivoltaicos y off-grid de Israel como modelo para la región andina de Ecuador

The global climate crisis and increasing competition for land use demand an integrated management of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus. This study analyzes the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and agrivoltaic (Agri-PV) systems in Israel as a resilience model for the high Andean region of Ecuador. The primary objective was to evaluate the technical efficiency of dual land use and decentralized (off-grid) technologies using standardized indicators such as the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and Water Use Efficiency (WUE). The methodology involved a transdisciplinary case study across six strategic analysis units (Arava Valley, Ramat Negev, Ma’ale Gilboa, among others) utilizing IoT instrumentation and precision sensors for microclimate and productivity monitoring. Results demonstrate that agrivoltaics can achieve LER values of up to 1.99, reducing ambient temperatures by 3.00 °C and improving WUE between 20.00 % and 47.00 %. Although a 19,40% reduction in gross yield was reported for certain crops, the annual net profit was 9.54 times higher than the conventional model due to distributed energy generation. The study concludes that the innovations observed in Israel offer a viable roadmap for the Ecuadorian highlands, enabling frost mitigation, erosion reduction, and the strengthening of energy sovereignty in rural communities.

https://doi.org/10.61854/rccedia.v1n1.001

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