Palabras clave
innovación digital
orquídeas
big data
flores
industria
Resumen
La floricultura ecuatoriana se encuentra en un proceso de transformación impulsado por la digitalización, la biotecnología y la ciencia de datos. Este estudio examina el papel de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), la bioinformática y el análisis de big data en el mejoramiento genético, con especial énfasis en el contexto nacional. Mediante una revisión exploratoria de la literatura científica, se identifican patrones emergentes en la adopción de tecnologías digitales para el desarrollo de nuevas variedades florales. Los resultados evidencian un claro desequilibrio en el panorama tecnológico actual, caracterizado por un predominio de herramientas digitales orientadas a la producción, como sensores IoT e inteligencia artificial, frente a una integración aún limitada de enfoques bioinformáticos y genómicos. Esta asimetría sugiere que la innovación en la floricultura ecuatoriana está siendo impulsada principalmente por la optimización del manejo del cultivo, más que por avances en la base genética de los sistemas productivos. No obstante, la incorporación de herramientas genómicas en especies ornamentales presenta un alto potencial para perfeccionar la eficiencia del mejoramiento genético, mediante la identificación de genes asociados a rasgos de interés y tolerancia al estrés, contribuyendo al desarrollo de sistemas de producción más resilientes y competitivos. En este contexto, los resultados subrayan la necesidad de fortalecer políticas públicas que promuevan la integración de capacidades genómicas y bioinformáticas dentro del sector florícola. Esto incluye la inversión en infraestructura científica, la formación de capital humano especializado y el fomento de alianzas entre academia, sector productivo y entidades gubernamentales. Una estrategia coordinada en esta dirección podría posicionar al Ecuador como un referente regional en floricultura 4.0, articulando innovación tecnológica con el aprovechamiento sostenible de su biodiversidad.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2026 Xavier Rojas Ruilova, Génesis Vásquez, Isabel Marques